Genetics Overview: Basic

Genetics is the study of (DNA) or (deoxyribonucleic acid). Genetics is the study of the coding of humans which includes DNA, RNA and proteins. DNA is the coding of the double-helix which codes the nucleus of the human centrosome. RNA is a single strand copy of DNA that is cut off at the stop codon. The proteins are coded by the RNA and are coded by three sets of three RNA which codes one protein. DNA is broken up into A and T pairs as well as G and C pairs. RNA replaces the T in DNA. Cancer is caused by a malignant tumor that has a genetic mutation that is malicious and does not replace the protein with the same protein- it codes a new protein that sometimes causes major problems. Genetic diseases are either autosomal or sex linked, or recessive or dominant. Autosomal diseases are based on the 22 out of 23 chromosomes pairs that are not based on the subject being a boy or girl. Sex-linked diseases are based on the X and Y of the boy versus the Y and Y of the girl. The X- of the boy can only be inherited by the father so these diseases are only shown in boys. Dominant versus recessive diseases are based on having one or two genes- dominant diseases only need one gene, one out of four from the parents or recessive as needing one from each parent to have the disease.